The European Union will never be fully democratic: discuss

Extraits de l'exposé

[...] in: European law Journal, vol.11, No4, July 2005, pp.452-45 Ibid., p Ibid., p. 454-456. Giandomenico Majone, ?Europe's democratic deficit: the question of standards', in: European Law Journal, Vol No1, March 1998, p.5. It is true that the direct elections were not the rule until 1979 and that this parliament had the name of Assembly, being merely consultative. As we have seen it, conditionality presumes that ?politicians are under a structural imperative to deliver to the electorate and to communicate their achievements? (e.g., Crum, op.cit., note p. [...]

[...] The decision-making system is indeed completely different from the one applied at the Member States level. In a nation-state the division of power even if it is slightly transformed due to the ?parliamentary rationalisation'[23] establishes a certain hierarchy between the executive, legislative and judiciary powers and defines their core functions in order to fit with the principles of accountability and transparency. On the contrary, within the EU there is no clear division of power and institutions are in an horizontal political system.[24] No institution can impose its proposal to the others: the whole system relies on a constant interaction between the institutions trying to influence each other in order to reach a consensus leading to a decision.[25] Besides, more than thirty different decision-making procedures have been registered[26] and one have to add to these procedures all the non formal ways of decision-making developed around the Open method of coordination and the concept of ?soft law?. [...]

[...] There is however few differences in the procedure by which they are elected even the election day is not everywhere the same, since some country organise elections on Thursday and others on Sunday. e.g. Magnette, op.cit., note p Loukas Tsoukalis, What kind of Europe ? Oxford University Press p e.g. Dinan, op.cit., note p e.g. Magnette, op.cit., note p Ibid., p However the TECE forecasts that the European Council should take into account the results of the elections at the EP, while proposing a candidate for the appointment of the Commission's president (art. I-26, Treaty establishing a constitution for Europe, available at: http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/lex/JOHtml.do?uri=OJ:C:2004:310:SOM:EN:HTML .2005). e.g. [...]

[...] Commission of the European Communities, European Governance, a white paper, op. cit, note 33, p.6. There is a section called to react to the White paper? giving the opportunity to send comments by email or by post. e.g. Commission of the European Communities, European Governance, a white paper, op. cit, note 33, p e.g. Magnette, op.cit., note p Ibid., p. 182-183. [...]

[...] This situation is mainly due to the position of the member states: they understand the benefits of giving up a part of their national competences to the EU but they would like to remain sovereign. Consequently some authors explain there is a need to think about a new model of democracy which could take into account the EU's specific characteristics.[36] Since the Irish negative vote at the Treaty of Nice, a new rhetoric has been developed assuming that ?democracy depends on people being able to take part in public debate?.[37] The negative reply to the referendum has been interpreted as a consequence of a decision taken too far away from the consideration of people. [...]