- Résumé
- Sommaire
- Extraits
- Descriptif
- À propos de l'auteur
- Lecture
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Résumé de l'exposé
At the end of the XIXth century, the dominant position of European powers and of the United States in the Far East remained unmistakable. In fact, the European powers occupied Indochina and shared the occupation of China. Asia remained a stifled continent. But at the end of the century, Japan, which had recently launched the Muji revolution, appeared to be on the way of modernisation. Japan realized a huge economic and political modernisation based on the imitation of western countries. This country became an important economic and political regional force in Far East Asia. With the increasing of power comes the will of domination and economic and military expansion as a kind of reinforcement of this power. So in the first years of the XXth century, Japan, proud of its modernisation, began to rival the European in Asia by claiming an area of influence. As European powers, Japan was interesting by its giant neighbour: China in order to demonstrate its serious power. In fact, this country is politically weak but rich in natural resources: the perfect prey. From 1900 to the 1920's, Japan began its expansion in the archipelagos of the Pacific but remained in front of the door of China that was a European influence area. However, in the 1930's, Japan felt powerful enough to widen its area of influence in Asia and began to threat China. These following years are very important in the understanding of current event, as the recent strains between China and Japan shows. In fact, the Japanese expansionism led to a conflict between the two countries in the 1930's that remains a source of strain today by the manipulation of the memory in each country. In order to be more familiar with these current strains , I've chosen to deal with this part of far east history that is forgotten by westerns. I will wonder how this Japanese expansionism manifested itself in the 1930's. Firstly, we will analyse the reasons, the motivations and the first foot of this expansionism (1930-1935). Then we will see how this will of power faced resistance in China and reached to a war that definitely impressed Asian minds (1935-1939).
Sommaire de l'exposé
- Introduction.
- 1931-1935: Reasons, motivations and the first foot of Japanese expansion in China.
- The expansion: Economical necessity for Japanese ambitions.
- Japanese Imperialism on the march: The policy of aggressive conquests 1931-1933.
- Japanese expansion facilitated by the lack of resistance in China but also on the international scene.
- 1935- 1939 The worsening of relation between China and Japan: The War.
- Straightening of China during the cease fire that threatened Japanese ambitions.
- Japan's launch of a 'complete solution' for the problem: Japan/China.
- Super powers faced with Japanese Imperialism: The success of the policy of non intervention.
- Conclusion.
- Bibliography.
Extraits de l'exposé
[...] On November 27th 1935, Japanese troops occupied Beijing and began a purification of the administration. In the appendix we can see a photograph of Robert Capa showing the entrance of Japanese troops in the ?Forbidden City? in Beijing. The Chinese government was not ready for a retort but continue the rebuilding of its army. With this series of pushing of extension the cease fire of 1933 is completely broken. The submission of the Chinese government is not reached for Japan that must now consider a more important action in China in order to transform this country in an economical protectorate Japan, China and the War: 1937-1939. [...]
[...] Japan faced a huge demographic expansion. In fact, in 1914 there was fifty million of Japanese, only twenty-four years later they were seventy-two millions. So, there was a huge problem of overpopulation. We can observe a phenomenon of land hunger: the quantity of farmable lands is insufficient in order to feed all peasants. The slowdown of the activity leads to a massive unemployment. Each year, Japan faces with the increasing of of the number of jobs applicants. The economic and social situation seams problematic and nationalist governments must find rapidly a solution. [...]
[...] In fact, Japan wants to transform China into protectorate and will become the sole provider for developing China. Then, Japanese intervention calls in question the international status of China. This policy is contrary to the Briand-Kellog pact and to the ?treaty of nine powers? of 1922 that imposed a respect of Chinese integrity and sovereignty. The Japanese intervention gradually calls in question the influence of western powers. Japan occupies the most important industrialized regions and it is clearly chains for the European trade. [...]
[...] The break of the cease fire of Tang Kou. In May 1935, a juggernaut of Chinese peasants organised in the Jehol a rebellion supported by Chinese government. Japan finds in this event another pretext to enter in the non militarized zone in the South of the Chinese Wall. The Japan occupied quickly all the region of Ho-Pei. In June 1935, Japan found an agreement with local Chinese administration in the Tchahar (Mongolia) in order to obtain the pullback of Chinese troops and the occupation by Japan. [...]
[...] A Japanese landing is organized on January 26th. One month later, the Chinese resistance was suppressed. In 1933, Japanese troops occupied the Jehol between Manchuria and the Chinese Fortification without any pretext. The Jehol is easily conquered and annexed by Manchukuo. In May 1933, Japanese general staff launched negotiations with the Chinese government. A cease-fire was imposed for two years. Agreements created a non-military area but the question of the territories was not addressed. Japan has adopted a strategy of browsing of Chinese territories in order to acquire capacious lands. [...]
À propos de l'auteur
Paul M.étudiant Histoire contemporaine : XIXe, XXe et XXIe
- Niveau
- Grand public
- Etude suivie
- sciences...
- Ecole, université
- IEP Paris
Descriptif de l'exposé
- Date de publication
- 2007-02-21
- Date de mise à jour
- 2007-02-21
- Langue
- anglais
- Format
- Word
- Type
- dissertation
- Nombre de pages
- 11 pages
- Niveau
- grand public
- Téléchargé
- 7 fois
- Validé par
- le comité de lecture